The paper presents an analysis of correlations between equipment with draft force and labour productivity in agriculture. Between 1950 and 2010 live and mechanical draft force resources in the Polish agriculture increased by 365.7%, of that the mechanical one 65 times. At the same time, the number of persons working in Polish agriculture decreased by more than 37%, while the value of agricultural product in fixed prices increased: for gross output by 98%, final output – by 156%, and market output – by 280%. Labour productivity in agriculture (value of production in fixed prices per capita working in agriculture) increased, in the case of adoption as a measure of this production: gross output – by 216%, final output – by 305%, and market output – by 506%. Strongly marked positive correlation between equipment with draft force and labour productivity in agriculture has been found. The strength of this correlation weakened along with increasing equipment of agriculture with draft force.