Fiscal and budgetary policies are the basic instruments used by public authorities to influence finances of agricultural sector. Each time these policies are shaped – the outcome is a result of changing social preferences and forces among key political actors. This leads to a situation, where both fiscal policy and budgetary policy remain of national nature and are subject to political cycle rules. Farmers, however, have developed the mechanisms of political over-representation well, but the group will most probably also be affected by fiscal adjustments, which are planned as budgetary instruments of current market stimulation programmes. Polish agriculture continues to increase the surplus of funds generated therein, despite a small slowdown. This rate would be even slower if it were not for domestic and EU subsidies. There dependencies are a particular reason to worry if you consider that after 2013 net payers to the EU budget will wish to radically limit their contribution, while Poland will most probably be facing considerable fiscal problems if it decides to introduce the euro currency, while economic growth fails to accelerate considerably.