Scattered agrarian structure remains a weakness of the Polish agriculture. According to the data from the Central Statistical Office, Agricultural Census 2010, the number of agricultural holdings decreased by approx. one-fifth in the last eight years. The aim of this paper is to define the role of market land transfers in the process of changes in farm area structure. The analysis covered factors influencing supply and demand situation on the land market, in particular the impact of the Common Agricultural Policy and the direct payments. The tendencies in non-market family land transfer were also presented. In this context, the paper describes the trends in changes in the agrarian structure observed in 2000-2011.