The article is dedicated to the issue of food quality on the Polish market, identification of threats and ways to eliminate them. In the modern world, the issue of quality and related food safety is a matter of special concern for countries and international organizations. Lack of appropriate institutional solutions in the food market creates the risk of adverse effects on human health or life. Identification of risk areas throughout the food chain, i.e. from primary production through processing, storage, distribution, sale of food products to consumption, forms the basis for ensuring food safety. Based on the actual results of inspections of institutions established for official food supervision, the state of health and economic security (scale of irregularities and adulteration) of food on the domestic market was presented.