The paper discusses the issue of agricultural production insurance with the use of mutual funds. This issue is of particular importance in the context of the Common Agricultural Policy reforms that sets out new support instruments for agricultural risk mitigation with the use of mutual funds. Relying on national and the EU legislation, the authors of the paper analyse the legal conditions of functioning of this insurance reform at the backdrop of regulations regarding mutual insurance funds. It was shown that despite similarities these forms are not identical. The second part of the paper analyses the rules of functioning and significance of selected mutual funds in the Netherlands. The review of funds considered in the analysis shows that the basic factor contributing to their establishment was the lack of the possibility to insure specified agricultural production risk factors of agricultural production in other insurance company.