The article is dedicated to the complex processes of science development, especially the separation of new disciplines and sub-disciplines of knowledge. Its main aim is showing the process and conditions of separation of a new science discipline, which is food safety. Food safety as a new discipline of science is separated on the basis of the subject, i.e. the status of food in the area of its health characteristics and quality standards and the goal of protecting the life and health of consumers and their economic interests. Food safety, using the terminology of Kuhn, is currently at the stage of the so-called pre-paradigmatic period. It is characterized by the diversity of approaches to food safety, the scope of research and the used terminology. It should be emphasized, however, that recent years have brought ever greater compliance, both from the representatives of institutional and author mainstream on the identity of food security, as a (sub)discipline of science. This applies, first of all, to the research area, which increasingly includes both, health and economic safety of food.