The main aim of the article is to recognize the accumulation of assets on farms in Poland due to the main type of farming. In addition, the paper takes into account the context of the sustainable farm paradigm. This was done in relation to the economic and environmental order of farms. The analysis based on the data of farms covered by the FADN system for 2004-2016. There is a wide range of differentiation between types of farms in terms of accumulation and its rate. The most favourable situation in this respect was on farms specialized in milk production and “granivores“ (it is mainly about poultry farms). The level of accumulation (per 1 ha) and its rate increased with the growth in the economic size of farms in selected production types. Higher accumulation is accompanied by an increase in economic sustainability of the surveyed groups of farms. On the other hand, in the case of environmental sustainability, the relationships were reversed. This means that higher accumulation was accompanied by stronger pressure on the environment. It can be stated that the accumulation of fixed assets, as well as the relationships between accumulation and income (from the perspective of the accumulation rate) on farms only partially (in the economic order), favour development in the paradigm of sustainable development. Therefore, further valorisation of public goods through the EU CAP instruments in the next budget perspective (2020-2027) is important, as well as better adjustment of support to the scale of production.